QUOTE (tau)
A piece of hardware lost or dropped during descent and landing?
Nope. Too big.
QUOTE (tau)
A meteorite?
Nope. Shape and how it seems to 'fit' against a back rock suggests in situ.
QUOTE (tau)
A piece of Martian rock that was hurled here from elsewhere by a meteorite impact?
Eh, perhaps, but as above, based on what appears to be a 'fit' to the rock behind, it would have to be hurled, buried, then excavated.
QUOTE (tau)
What could that bright thing on La Orotava crater wall be?
My initial guess would be a pegmatite pipe.
When molten rock cools, the result is much like leaving a soda or beer in the freezer too long, aka "apple jack" (early distillers let hard cider freeze out the water, then poured out the concentrated liquor)*
When molten rock chambers cool, they 'freeze out' minerals which snow down, until you're left with a magma enriched in the material with the lowest freezing point- which is usually enriched in metals, often white, and called "pegmatite".
*disclaimer- don't try at home. Freeze distillation doesn't separate methanol (bad-go blind) from ethanol (good, you've made apple brandy/schnapps). To separate methanol from ethanol, you need heat distillation and condensation (e.g. a moonshine still)