I think everyone noticed the interesting news about the giant "craters" on Yamal, 3 have been discovered so far and are being investigated by different science teams right now. An interesting article can be found here:
http://siberiantimes.com/science/casestudy...d-of-the-world/

I was wondering, based on the current theories about their formation, and considering discoveries like ice and salt layers underneath the surface on Mars, are these geological feature we can expect to find on other planetary bodies in our solar system? If yes, could we have seen things already that might be similar to this?

I don't know about crater *lakes* like this one, but there are certainly periglacial features aplenty on Mars. Here's one recent abstract about them in Gale crater.

Here is some more discussion about multiple craters showing up.

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/20...drates-science/

And new reports of a possible 1-kilometer crater.

https://robertscribbler.wordpress.com/2015/...und-in-siberia/